Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
What is the cellular process of protein synthesis?
What is the process of protein synthesis called?
Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).
What is the cellular part that is used in protein synthesis?
Ribosomes Ribosomes are the sites in a cell in which protein synthesis takes place. Cells have many ribosomes, and the exact number depends on how active a particular cell is in synthesizing proteins. For example, rapidly growing cells usually have a large number of ribosomes (Figure 5).
What are the 4 steps of protein synthesis?
Steps of Transcription
- Initiation is the beginning of transcription. It occurs when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. …
- Elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mRNA strand.
- Termination is the ending of transcription. The mRNA strand is complete, and it detaches from DNA.
Aug 9, 2018
What are two main processes of protein synthesis?
1: Transcription and translation (Protein synthesis) in a cell. Discovering this sequence of events was a major milestone in molecular biology. It is called the central dogma of biology. The two processes involved in the central dogma are transcription and translation.
What are the 3 stages of protein synthesis?
Much like the processes of DNA replication and transcription, translation consists of three main stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. Initiation takes place with the binding of a ribosome to an mRNA transcript.
What is the process of protein synthesis quizlet?
Protein Synthesis- Extensive. The process in which amino acids are arranged in a linear sequence through the processes of transcription of DNA and to RNA and the translation of RNA to a polypeptide chain.
Why is protein synthesis important cell?
Without them, our cells couldn't do their jobs and we would die. Like the furniture in your house, proteins wear out over time, so our cells are continuously making new proteins through the process of protein synthesis. Protein synthesis has two main steps: transcription and translation.
What is the cellular importance of protein synthesis?
Protein synthesis is the process by which proteins are formed in biological cells. Proteins carry out all the important functions of a cell, such as transport, structural support, chemical reactions, cell communication, and protection from harmful bacteria and viruses. Every protein molecule is made up of amino acids.